Potential of Patikan Kerbau (Euphorbia hirta) as Antibacterial on Aeromonas hydropilla and Vibrio alginolitycus in Fish Culture

Abstract

The aims of this study were to find out the potential of Patikan kerbau (Euphorbia hirta) as antibacterial on Aeromonas hydropilla and Vibrio alginolyticus. Phytochemical study on E. hirta leaves was carried out to determine the chemical compounds group and resulted in the presence of phenolic, terpenoid and tannin group in the leaves. The antibacterial assay by diffusion agar using paper disc showed that methanol and aqueou extract either of using dried powder leaves boiling method or fresh leaves boiling method were able to inhibit the growth of Aeromonas. hydropilla and Vibrio alginolyticus. The highest antibacterial activity against those bacteria was shown by methanol extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of this methanol extract was found to be 0.156 and 0.625 % by using agar dilution method. In addition, the toxicity study exhibited that treatment of cat fish (Clarias batrachus) larvae and humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) larvae with E. hirta methanol extract at the concentration of 1 % for 5 minutes did not give any toxic effect.